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Sintassi SQL ALTER DATABASE – Elencato da DBMS

Questo articolo contiene il ALTER DATABASE di SQL sintassi, come implementato da vari sistemi di gestione di database (DBMS). La sintassi è elencata esattamente come l'ha elencata ogni fornitore sul proprio sito Web. Fare clic sul collegamento applicabile per visualizzare maggiori dettagli sulla sintassi per un particolare fornitore.

I DBMS coperti sono MySQL, SQL Server, PostgreSQL e Oracle Database.

MySQL

Dal manuale di riferimento di MySQL 5.7:

ALTER {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [db_name]
    alter_specification ...
ALTER {DATABASE | SCHEMA} db_name
    UPGRADE DATA DIRECTORY NAME

alter_specification:
    [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name
  | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name

SQL Server

Dal riferimento Transact-SQL:

ALTER DATABASE { database_name  | CURRENT }
{
    MODIFY NAME = new_database_name 
  | COLLATE collation_name
  | <file_and_filegroup_options>
  | <set_database_options>
}
[;]

<file_and_filegroup_options >::=
  <add_or_modify_files>::=
  <filespec>::= 
  <add_or_modify_filegroups>::=
  <filegroup_updatability_option>::= 

<set_database_options>::=
  <optionspec>::= 
  <auto_option> ::= 
  <change_tracking_option> ::=
  <cursor_option> ::= 
  <database_mirroring_option> ::= 
  <date_correlation_optimization_option> ::=
  <db_encryption_option> ::=
  <db_state_option> ::=
  <db_update_option> ::=
  <db_user_access_option> ::=
  <external_access_option> ::=
  <FILESTREAM_options> ::=
  <HADR_options> ::=  
  <parameterization_option> ::=
  <recovery_option> ::= 
  <service_broker_option> ::=
  <snapshot_option> ::=
  <sql_option> ::= 
  <termination> ::=

PostgreSQL

Dal manuale di PostgreSQL 9.5:

ALTER DATABASE name [ [ WITH ] option [ ... ] ]

where option can be:

    ALLOW_CONNECTIONS allowconn
    CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
    IS_TEMPLATE istemplate

ALTER DATABASE name RENAME TO new_name

ALTER DATABASE name OWNER TO { new_owner | CURRENT_USER | SESSION_USER }

ALTER DATABASE name SET TABLESPACE new_tablespace

ALTER DATABASE name SET configuration_parameter { TO | = } { value | DEFAULT }
ALTER DATABASE name SET configuration_parameter FROM CURRENT
ALTER DATABASE name RESET configuration_parameter
ALTER DATABASE name RESET ALL

Database Oracle

Dalla documentazione online di Oracle Database 12c Versione 1 (12.1):

ALTER DATABASE [ database ]
  { startup_clauses
  | recovery_clauses
  | database_file_clauses
  | logfile_clauses
  | controlfile_clauses
  | standby_database_clauses
  | default_settings_clauses
  | instance_clauses
  | security_clause
  } ;

Quanto segue delinea il dettaglio delle varie clausole.

clausole_di_avvio::=

{ MOUNT [ { STANDBY | CLONE } DATABASE ]
| OPEN
  { [ READ WRITE ]
      [ RESETLOGS | NORESETLOGS ]
        [ UPGRADE | DOWNGRADE ]
  | READ ONLY
  }
}

clausole_di_recupero ::=

{ general_recovery
| managed_standby_recovery
| BEGIN BACKUP
| END BACKUP
}

recupero_generale ::=

RECOVER
[ AUTOMATIC ]
[ FROM 'location' ]
{ { full_database_recovery
  | partial_database_recovery
  | LOGFILE 'filename'
  }
  [ { TEST
    | ALLOW integer CORRUPTION
    | parallel_clause
    }...
  ]
| CONTINUE [ DEFAULT ]
| CANCEL
}

full_database_recovery ::=

[ STANDBY ] DATABASE
[ { UNTIL { CANCEL
          | TIME date
          | CHANGE integer
          | CONSISTENT
          }
  | USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE
  | SNAPSHOT TIME date
  }...
]

recupero_database_parziale::=

{ TABLESPACE tablespace [, tablespace ]...
| DATAFILE { 'filename' | filenumber }
             [, 'filename' | filenumber ]...
}

clausola_parallela::=

{ NOPARALLEL | PARALLEL [ integer ] }

managed_standby_recovery::=

RECOVER
{ MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE
    [ { USING ARCHIVED LOGFILE
      | DISCONNECT [FROM SESSION]
      | NODELAY
      | UNTIL CHANGE integer
      | UNTIL CONSISTENT
      | parallel_clause
      }...
    | FINISH
    | CANCEL
    ]
| TO LOGICAL STANDBY { db_name | KEEP IDENTITY }
}

clausole_file_database ::=

{ RENAME FILE  'filename' [, 'filename' ]...
   TO 'filename'
| create_datafile_clause
| alter_datafile_clause
| alter_tempfile_clause
| move_datafile_clause
}

create_datafile_clause::=

CREATE DATAFILE
   { 'filename' | filenumber }
     [, 'filename' | filenumber ]...
   }
   [ AS { file_specification
          [, file_specification ]...
        | NEW
        }
   ]

alter_datafile_clause::=

DATAFILE
   { 'filename' | filenumber }
     [, 'filename' | filenumber ]...
   }
   { ONLINE
   | OFFLINE [ FOR DROP ]
   | RESIZE size_clause
   | autoextend_clause
   | END BACKUP
   }

alter_tempfile_clause::=

TEMPFILE
   { 'filename' [, 'filename' ]...
   | filenumber [, filenumber ]...
   }
   { RESIZE size_clause
   | autoextend_clause
   | DROP [ INCLUDING DATAFILES ]
   | ONLINE
   | OFFLINE
   }

move_datafile_clause::=

MOVE DATAFILE ( 'filename' | 'ASM_filename' | file_number )
 [ TO ( 'filename' | 'ASM_filename' ) ]
 [ REUSE ] [ KEEP ]

ASM_nomefile::=

{ fully_qualified_file_name
| numeric_file_name
| incomplete_file_name
| alias_file_name
}

autoextend_clause ::=

AUTOEXTEND
   { OFF
   | ON [ NEXT size_clause ]
        [ maxsize_clause ]
   }

clausola_maxsize::=

MAXSIZE { UNLIMITED | size_clause }

clausole_logfile ::=

{ { ARCHIVELOG [ MANUAL ]
  | NOARCHIVELOG
  }
| [ NO ] FORCE LOGGING
| RENAME FILE 'filename' [, 'filename' ]...
    TO 'filename'
| CLEAR [ UNARCHIVED ]
    LOGFILE logfile_descriptor [, logfile_descriptor ]...
    [ UNRECOVERABLE DATAFILE ]
| add_logfile_clauses
| drop_logfile_clauses
| switch_logfile_clause
| supplemental_db_logging
}

add_logfile_clauses::=

ADD [ STANDBY ] LOGFILE
   { 
     { [ INSTANCE 'instance_name' ] | [ THREAD 'integer' ] }
     [ GROUP integer ] redo_log_file_spec
       [, [ GROUP integer ] redo_log_file_spec ]...
   | MEMBER 'filename' [ REUSE ] [, 'filename' [ REUSE ] ]...
        TO logfile_descriptor [, logfile_descriptor ]...
   }

drop_logfile_clauses::=

DROP [ STANDBY ] LOGFILE
   { logfile_descriptor
     [, logfile_descriptor ]...
   | MEMBER 'filename'
            [, 'filename' ]...
   }

switch_logfile_clause::=

SWITCH ALL LOGFILES TO BLOCKSIZE integer

supplemental_db_logging ::=

{ ADD | DROP } SUPPLEMENTAL LOG
{ DATA
| supplemental_id_key_clause
| supplemental_plsql_clause
}

clausola_chiave_id_supplementare::=

DATA
( { ALL | PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE | FOREIGN KEY }
    [, { ALL | PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE | FOREIGN KEY } ]...
)
COLUMNS

clausola_plsql_supplementare::=

DATA FOR PROCEDURAL REPLICATION

logfile_descriptor::=

{ GROUP integer
| ('filename' [, 'filename' ]...)
| 'filename'
}

controlfile_clauses ::=

CREATE { [ LOGICAL | PHYSICAL ] STANDBY | FAR SYNC INSTANCE }
  CONTROLFILE AS
  'filename' [ REUSE ]
| BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO
  { 'filename' [ REUSE ]
  | trace_file_clause
  }

clausole_standby_database ::=

{ { activate_standby_db_clause
| maximize_standby_db_clause
| register_logfile_clause
| commit_switchover_clause
| start_standby_clause
| stop_standby_clause
| convert_database_clause
} [ parallel_clause ] }
|
{ switchover_clause | failover_clause }

activate_standby_db_clause::=

ACTIVATE
     [ PHYSICAL | LOGICAL ]
     STANDBY DATABASE
     [ FINISH APPLY ]

maximize_standby_db_clause::=

SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE
{ PROTECTION | AVAILABILITY | PERFORMANCE }

register_logfile_clause::=

REGISTER [ OR REPLACE ]
  [ PHYSICAL | LOGICAL ]
LOGFILE [ file_specification  [, file_specification ]...
  [ FOR logminer_session_name ]

clausola_commutazione::=

SWITCHOVER TO target_db_name [ VERIFY | FORCE ]

clausola_failover::=

FAILOVER TO target_db_name [ FORCE ]

commit_switchover_clause::=

{ PREPARE | COMMIT } TO SWITCHOVER
[ TO { { [ PHYSICAL | LOGICAL ] PRIMARY
     | [ PHYSICAL ] STANDBY
     } [ { WITH | WITHOUT } SESSION SHUTDOWN
         { WAIT | NOWAIT }
       ]
     | LOGICAL STANDBY
     }
| CANCEL
]

start_standby_clause::=

START LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY
[ IMMEDIATE ]
[ NODELAY ]
[ NEW PRIMARY dblink
| INITIAL [ scn_value ]
| { SKIP FAILED TRANSACTION | FINISH }
]

stop_standby_clause::=

{ STOP | ABORT } LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY

convert_database_clause::=

CONVERT TO ( PHYSICAL | SNAPSHOT ) STANDBY

default_settings_clauses::=

{ DEFAULT EDITION = edition_name
| SET DEFAULT { BIGFILE | SMALLFILE } TABLESPACE
| DEFAULT TABLESPACE tablespace
| DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE { tablespace | tablespace_group_name }
| RENAME GLOBAL_NAME TO database.domain [.domain ]...
| ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING [ USING FILE 'filename' [ REUSE ] ]
| DISABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING
| [NO] FORCE FULL DATABASE CACHING
| flashback_mode_clause
| set_time_zone_clause
}

set_time_zone_clause::=

SET TIME_ZONE =
   '{ { + | - } hh : mi | time_zone_region }'

flashback_mode_clause ::=

FLASHBACK { ON | OFF }

clausole_istanza::=

{ ENABLE | DISABLE } INSTANCE 'instance_name'

clausola_di_sicurezza ::=

GUARD { ALL | STANDBY | NONE }

Utilizzo della GUI

La maggior parte dei DBMS ti consente di modificare i database utilizzando la GUI. Potrebbe trattarsi di una GUI fornita con il prodotto o di una sviluppata da terze parti. Ad esempio,  MySQL Workbench è uno strumento GUI che può essere utilizzato con MySQL.