Sintassi per row_to_json con sqlalchemy

La tua query genera un SQL errato

SELECT row_to_json(SELECT ... FROM foo) AS details
FROM (SELECT ... FROM foo) AS details_foo_row_q

Dovrebbe essere

SELECT row_to_json(details_foo_row_q) AS details
FROM (SELECT ... FROM foo) AS details_foo_row_q

Devi usare select as literal_column

from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import literal_column

details_foo_q = select([
    func.row_to_json(literal_column(details_foo_row_q.name)).label('details')
]).select_from(details_foo_row_q).where(
    details_foo_row_q.c.bar_id == Bar.id
).alias('details_foo_q')